Difference between revisions of "House, City, World, Nation, Globe"
From Mondothèque
Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
[[Author::Natacha Roussel]] | [[Author::Natacha Roussel]] | ||
− | <div class="book"><onlyinclude>This timeline starts in Brussels and | + | <div class="book"><onlyinclude>This timeline starts in Brussels and is an attempt to situate some of the events in the life, death and revival of the [[Mundaneum]] in a broader context, and in relation to both local and international events. |
− | By connecting several geographic locations at different scales, it is hopefully provoking ''cqrrelations'' in time and space that could help us formulate questions about the ways local events repeatedly mirror and recompose global situations. Hopefully, it also can help | + | By connecting several geographic locations at different scales, it is hopefully provoking ''cqrrelations'' in time and space that could help us formulate questions about the ways local events repeatedly mirror and recompose global situations. Hopefully, it also can help to see which elements in the context of existence of the Mundaneum are different from the current situation of our information economy.</onlyinclude></div> |
− | The ambitious project of | + | The ambitious project of the [[Mundaneum]] is imagined by [[Paul Otlet]] with support of [[Henri Lafontaine]] at the end of the 19th century, a time when colonialism is at its heights, bringing large commercial incomes to occidental countries, and giving a sense of security that made everything seem possible; it felt the intellectual and material benefits of rational thinking could universally become the source of all goods. The first tensions between colonial/commercial powers are only starting to manifest themselves through crisis between international powers during Fashoda and Boer; but this great sense of strength is quickly tempered by the coming war knocking at the doors of modern European society. |
− | In this context it is important to emphasize that [[ | + | In this context it is important to emphasize that [[Henri Lafontaine]]'s thinking, while constantly energized by [[Paul Otlet]]'s encompassing view of classification systems and standards, strongly associates the Mundaneum project to the ideal of world peace. Although included in the international and "politico-economical" context of its time, the Mundaneum is also linked by many aspects to the larger movement towards a structured networked society, which is also fed by the wealth of the times. Firstly the Mundaneum archives are constituted with an intention, a major effort is done to include documents referring to often neglected topics, that could be considered as alternative, such as the well known archives of the feminist movement in Belgium, but also information on anarchism and pacifism. Furthermore, in line with the general sense of strength due to growing wealth in Europe at the turn of the century, the Mundaneum project seems to be always in extension. [[Paul Otlet|Otlet]]'s view of archives and organization extends to all domains and becomes overwhelming, and [[Henri Lafontaine|Lafontaine]] asserts that general peace could be achieved through social development by the means of education, and access to knowledge. Their common view is nurtured by an acute perception of their epoch, they observe the major evolution in the organization of civil society; they also affirm their objective to structure their project via a defined organisation and an international network. The Mundaneum project is very much in tune with the socio politics of its time; [[Henri Lafontaine]]'s intervention helps to root the process of archive collection in a larger network of associations and meta-structures. This is a conscious process of thought, that takes place in a larger theoretical framework representing this universal archive of all knowledge as a resource for the promotion of education towards development of better social relations. |
− | However internationalisation is not only a fact of industrial society, it is also a dynamic motivation to structure social and political networks, among other things via | + | However internationalisation is not only a fact of industrial society, it is also a dynamic motivation to structure social and political networks, among other things via political negotiations and civil society organisations. Quite a few broad structures develop simultaneously to the world wide spreading of an industrial economy, they aim to formulate a world view that would be based on international agreements rather than left to individual and commercial initiatives. [[Paul Otlet|Otlet]] and [[Henri Lafontaine|Lafontaine]] spent a large part of their lives on attempts to formulate a ''mondial'' society. While [[Henri Lafontaine|Lafontaine]] clearly roots his thinking in a strong civil society organization, according to Benoit Friedman, [[Paul Otlet|Otlet]]is the first person to use the term ''[[Mondialisation]]'' in French being far ahead in what will become an important movement claiming for a world wide government after World War 2 « Un droit nouveau doit remplacer alors le droit ancien pour préparer et organiser une nouvelle répartition. La “question sociale” a posé le problème à l’intérieur ; “la question internationale” pose le même problème à l’extérieur entre peuples. Notre époque a poursuivi une certaine socialisation de biens. […] Il s’agit, si l’on peut employer cette expression, de socialiser le droit international, comme on a socialisé le droit privé, et de prendre à l’égard des richesses naturelles des mesures de “mondialisation”. » <ref>Paul Otlet, 1916, Les Problèmes internationaux et la Guerre, les conditions et les facteurs de la vie internationale, Genève/Paris, Kundig/Rousseau, p. 76.</ref>. Those two approaches might already bear certain differences as none emphasises an organisation based on local structure that implies direct participation to civil society organisations, while the other focuses more on management and global organisation. |
− | The ever ambitious process of the Mundaneum archive takes place in the context of the general internationalization of society, already becoming crucial at the end of the 19th century, while at the same time the social gap increases due to the booming industrial society | + | The ever ambitious process of the Mundaneum archive takes place in the context of the general internationalization of society, already becoming crucial at the end of the 19th century, while at the same time the social gap increases due to the booming industrial society. This issue was addressed in Brussels by the brand new discipline of sociology <ref>http://www.philodroit.be/IMG/pdf/bf_-_le_droit_global_selon_ecole_de_bruxelles_-2014-3.pdf?lang=fr</ref> that tried to formulate something that would be a legal engineer to address social inequalities. |
− | The communication systems associated with the Mundaneum were conceived in between the two World Wars. Some of them such as the [[La Mondothèque|Mondothèque]] were imagined as prospective possibilities, but others were already implemented at the time and formed the basis of an international communication network, consisting of postal services and telegraph networks.[[ | + | The communication systems associated with the Mundaneum were conceived in between the two World Wars. Some of them such as the [[La Mondothèque|Mondothèque]] were imagined as prospective possibilities, but others were already implemented at the time and formed the basis of an international communication network, consisting of postal services and telegraph networks.[[Paul Otlet|Otlet]] and [[Henri Lafontaine|Lafontaine]]'s project took place in an era of international agreements over communication networks. It appears that associative structures (which ones?), acted as networks of information-sharing organizing modalities of exchange to the general benefit of civil society. It was also the epoch of international agreements between countries, structuring international life from diplomacy to normalisation; some of these structures still form the basis of our actual globalized organization, but they are all challenged by private capitalist structures. How is the development of the Mundaneum project related to the development of the actual knowledge economy? |
{| class="wikitable sortable" | {| class="wikitable sortable" | ||
Line 20: | Line 20: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1934]] | | [[date::1934]] | ||
− | || The [[Mundaneum]] is closed after a governmental decision. A part of the archives are moved [[ | + | || The [[Mundaneum]] is closed after a governmental decision. A part of the archives are moved [[Rue Fétis 44, Brussels]] to the house of [[Paul Otlet]] |
|| MOVE | || MOVE | ||
|| HOUSE | || HOUSE | ||
Line 27: | Line 27: | ||
|| Creation of ''[http://www.internetsociety.org/ the Internet Society]'', an American association with international vocation. | || Creation of ''[http://www.internetsociety.org/ the Internet Society]'', an American association with international vocation. | ||
|| STANDARD | || STANDARD | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1960]]'s | | [[date::1960]]'s | ||
− | || ''Les Amis du Palais Mondial'' organize different events to celebrate the memory of [[ | + | || ''Les Amis du Palais Mondial'' organize different events to celebrate the memory of [[Paul Otlet]]. |
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
|| HOUSE | || HOUSE | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1914]] | | [[date::1914]] | ||
− | || The ''Palais Mondial'' sets up at [[Parc du Cinquantenaire 11]]. The opening is delayed due to the upcoming | + | || The ''Palais Mondial'' sets up at [[Parc du Cinquantenaire 11]]. The opening is delayed due to the upcoming [[Monde|WORLD]] War I. |
|| MOVE | || MOVE | ||
|| CITY | || CITY | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1916]] | | [[date::1916]] | ||
− | || [[ | + | || [[Paul Otlet]] coins the term "[[Mondialisation]]" in Les Problèmes internationaux et la Guerre, les conditions et les facteurs de la vie internationale, Genève/Paris, Kundig/Rousseau, p. 76 |
|| PUBLICATION | || PUBLICATION | ||
|| CITY | || CITY | ||
Line 47: | Line 47: | ||
|| Foundation of the ''League of Nations'' at the ''Paris peace conference''. | || Foundation of the ''League of Nations'' at the ''Paris peace conference''. | ||
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1920]] | | [[date::1920]] | ||
Line 62: | Line 62: | ||
|| Some files from the Mundaneum collections concerning international associations, are transferred to Germany. They are assumed to have propaganda value. | || Some files from the Mundaneum collections concerning international associations, are transferred to Germany. They are assumed to have propaganda value. | ||
|| MOVE | || MOVE | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1934]] | | [[date::1934]] | ||
|| Publication of Otlet's book ''[[Traité de documentation]]''. | || Publication of Otlet's book ''[[Traité de documentation]]''. | ||
|| PUBLICATION | || PUBLICATION | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1891]] | | [[date::1891]] | ||
− | || [[ | + | || [[Henri Lafontaine]] publishes an essay ''Pour une bibliographie de la paix''. |
|| PUBLICATION | || PUBLICATION | ||
|| NATION | || NATION | ||
Line 80: | Line 80: | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1893]] | | [[date::1893]] | ||
− | || [[ | + | || [[Paul Otlet|Otlet]] and [[Henri Lafontaine|Lafontaine]] start together ''l'Office International de Bibliologie Sociologique'' (OIBS). |
|| ASSOCIATION | || ASSOCIATION | ||
|| CITY | || CITY | ||
Line 87: | Line 87: | ||
|| Official Creation of the ''International union of associations'' (IUA). In 1914, it federates 230 organizations, a little more than half the existing ones. The IUA promotes internationalist aspirations and desire for peace that will lead in 1920 to the creation of the ''Société des Nations''. | || Official Creation of the ''International union of associations'' (IUA). In 1914, it federates 230 organizations, a little more than half the existing ones. The IUA promotes internationalist aspirations and desire for peace that will lead in 1920 to the creation of the ''Société des Nations''. | ||
|| ASSOCIATION | || ASSOCIATION | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1907]] June | | [[date::1907]] June | ||
− | || [[ | + | || [[Paul Otlet|Otlet]] and [[Henri Lafontaine|Lafontaine]] organize a ''Central Office for International Associations'' that will become the ''International Union of Associations'' (IUA) at the first ''Congrès mondial des associations internationales'' in Brussels in May 1910. |
|| ASSOCIATION | || ASSOCIATION | ||
|| CITY | || CITY | ||
Line 97: | Line 97: | ||
|| Creation of the international ''Women's suffrage alliance'' (IWSA) that will later become the ''International Alliance of Women''. | || Creation of the international ''Women's suffrage alliance'' (IWSA) that will later become the ''International Alliance of Women''. | ||
|| ASSOCIATION | || ASSOCIATION | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1910]] 25-27 August | | [[date::1910]] 25-27 August | ||
|| ''Le Congrès International de Bibliographie et de Documentation'' deals both with issues of international cooperation between non-governmental organizations and the structure of universal documentation. | || ''Le Congrès International de Bibliographie et de Documentation'' deals both with issues of international cooperation between non-governmental organizations and the structure of universal documentation. | ||
|| ASSOCIATION | || ASSOCIATION | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1911]] | | [[date::1911]] | ||
|| More than 600 people and institutions are listed as IIB members or refer to their methods, specifically the [[UDC]]. | || More than 600 people and institutions are listed as IIB members or refer to their methods, specifically the [[UDC]]. | ||
|| ASSOCIATION | || ASSOCIATION | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
|| [[date::1914]] | || [[date::1914]] | ||
|| Germany declares war to France and invades Belgium. | || Germany declares war to France and invades Belgium. | ||
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
|| [[date::1919]] June 28 | || [[date::1919]] June 28 | ||
|| The ''Traité de Versailles'' marks the end of World War I. | || The ''Traité de Versailles'' marks the end of World War I. | ||
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1924]] | | [[date::1924]] | ||
Line 127: | Line 127: | ||
|| The IIB becomes the ''International Institute of documentation'' (IID) and in [[date::1938]] is named ''International Fédération of documentation'' (IDF). | || The IIB becomes the ''International Institute of documentation'' (IID) and in [[date::1938]] is named ''International Fédération of documentation'' (IDF). | ||
|| ASSOCIATION | || ASSOCIATION | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1939]] September | | [[date::1939]] September | ||
|| Invasion of Poland by Germany, start of World War II. | || Invasion of Poland by Germany, start of World War II. | ||
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1908]] July | | [[date::1908]] July | ||
Line 142: | Line 142: | ||
|| ''Congrès bibliographique international'' in Paris. | || ''Congrès bibliographique international'' in Paris. | ||
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1913]] | | [[date::1913]] | ||
− | || [[ | + | || [[Henri Lafontaine]] is awarded the Nobel Price for Peace. |
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1916]] | | [[date::1916]] | ||
− | || [[ | + | || [[Henri Lafontaine|Lafontaine]] publishes ''The great solution: magnissima charta'' while in exile in the United States. |
|| PUBLICATION | || PUBLICATION | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1882]] | | [[date::1882]] | ||
|| ''Triple Alliance'', renewed in [[date::1902]]. | || ''Triple Alliance'', renewed in [[date::1902]]. | ||
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1904]] | | [[date::1904]] | ||
|| ''Entente cordiale'' between France and England over the colonies (what was agreed upon?). | || ''Entente cordiale'' between France and England over the colonies (what was agreed upon?). | ||
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1890]]'s | | [[date::1890]]'s | ||
|| First colonial wars (Fachoda, Boers ...). | || First colonial wars (Fachoda, Boers ...). | ||
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1889]] | | [[date::1889]] | ||
− | || [[ | + | || [[Henri Lafontaine]] creates ''La Société Belge de l'arbitrage et de la paix''. |
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
|| NATION | || NATION | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1944]] | | [[date::1944]] | ||
− | || Death of [[ | + | || Death of [[Paul Otlet]]. He is buried in [[Cimetière d'Ixelles|Etterbeek cemetery]]. |
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
|| CITY | || CITY | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1993]] | | [[date::1993]] | ||
− | || [[ | + | || [[Elio Di Rupo]] organises the transport of the Mundaneum archives from Brussels to [[76 Rue de Nimy, Mons|76 rue de Nimy]] in Mons. |
|| MOVE | || MOVE | ||
|| NATION | || NATION | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1890]] | | [[date::1890]] | ||
− | || [[ | + | || [[Henri Lafontaine]] meets [[Paul Otlet]]. |
|| PERSON | || PERSON | ||
|| CITY | || CITY | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1894]] | | [[date::1894]] | ||
− | || [[ | + | || [[Henri Lafontaine]] is elected senator of the province of Hainaut, and later senator of the province of Liège-Brabant. |
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
|| NATION | || NATION | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1907]] | | [[date::1907]] | ||
− | || [[ | + | || [[Henri Lafontaine]] is elected president of the ''Bureau international de la paix'' that he previously initiated. |
|| PERSON | || PERSON | ||
|| NATION | || NATION | ||
Line 202: | Line 202: | ||
|| ''Franco-Russian entente'', preliminary to the ''Triple entente'' that will be signed in [[date::1907]]. | || ''Franco-Russian entente'', preliminary to the ''Triple entente'' that will be signed in [[date::1907]]. | ||
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1870]] | | [[date::1870]] | ||
|| Franco-Prussian war. | || Franco-Prussian war. | ||
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1905]] | | [[date::1905]] | ||
|| First Moroccan crisis. | || First Moroccan crisis. | ||
|| EVENT | || EVENT | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1874]] | | [[date::1874]] | ||
|| ONU creates the ''General Postal Union'' <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union</ref> and aims to federate international postal distribution. | || ONU creates the ''General Postal Union'' <ref>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union</ref> and aims to federate international postal distribution. | ||
|| STANDARD | || STANDARD | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1875]] | | [[date::1875]] | ||
|| ''General Conference on Weights and Measures'' in Sèvres, France. | || ''General Conference on Weights and Measures'' in Sèvres, France. | ||
|| STANDARD | || STANDARD | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1865]] | | [[date::1865]] | ||
|| The ''International Union of telegraph'', the future ''International Telecomunication Union'' (UTI) sets up. | || The ''International Union of telegraph'', the future ''International Telecomunication Union'' (UTI) sets up. | ||
|| STANDARD | || STANDARD | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::1947]] | | [[date::1947]] | ||
Line 247: | Line 247: | ||
|| ''Telenet'', the first public version of the Internet founded. | || ''Telenet'', the first public version of the Internet founded. | ||
|| STANDARD | || STANDARD | ||
− | || WORLD | + | || [[Monde|WORLD]] |
|- | |- | ||
| [[date::2012]] | | [[date::2012]] |
Revision as of 17:34, 10 January 2016
THIS IS A DRAFT
The ambitious project of the Mundaneum is imagined by Paul Otlet with support of Henri Lafontaine at the end of the 19th century, a time when colonialism is at its heights, bringing large commercial incomes to occidental countries, and giving a sense of security that made everything seem possible; it felt the intellectual and material benefits of rational thinking could universally become the source of all goods. The first tensions between colonial/commercial powers are only starting to manifest themselves through crisis between international powers during Fashoda and Boer; but this great sense of strength is quickly tempered by the coming war knocking at the doors of modern European society.
In this context it is important to emphasize that Henri Lafontaine's thinking, while constantly energized by Paul Otlet's encompassing view of classification systems and standards, strongly associates the Mundaneum project to the ideal of world peace. Although included in the international and "politico-economical" context of its time, the Mundaneum is also linked by many aspects to the larger movement towards a structured networked society, which is also fed by the wealth of the times. Firstly the Mundaneum archives are constituted with an intention, a major effort is done to include documents referring to often neglected topics, that could be considered as alternative, such as the well known archives of the feminist movement in Belgium, but also information on anarchism and pacifism. Furthermore, in line with the general sense of strength due to growing wealth in Europe at the turn of the century, the Mundaneum project seems to be always in extension. Otlet's view of archives and organization extends to all domains and becomes overwhelming, and Lafontaine asserts that general peace could be achieved through social development by the means of education, and access to knowledge. Their common view is nurtured by an acute perception of their epoch, they observe the major evolution in the organization of civil society; they also affirm their objective to structure their project via a defined organisation and an international network. The Mundaneum project is very much in tune with the socio politics of its time; Henri Lafontaine's intervention helps to root the process of archive collection in a larger network of associations and meta-structures. This is a conscious process of thought, that takes place in a larger theoretical framework representing this universal archive of all knowledge as a resource for the promotion of education towards development of better social relations.
However internationalisation is not only a fact of industrial society, it is also a dynamic motivation to structure social and political networks, among other things via political negotiations and civil society organisations. Quite a few broad structures develop simultaneously to the world wide spreading of an industrial economy, they aim to formulate a world view that would be based on international agreements rather than left to individual and commercial initiatives. Otlet and Lafontaine spent a large part of their lives on attempts to formulate a mondial society. While Lafontaine clearly roots his thinking in a strong civil society organization, according to Benoit Friedman, Otletis the first person to use the term Mondialisation in French being far ahead in what will become an important movement claiming for a world wide government after World War 2 « Un droit nouveau doit remplacer alors le droit ancien pour préparer et organiser une nouvelle répartition. La “question sociale” a posé le problème à l’intérieur ; “la question internationale” pose le même problème à l’extérieur entre peuples. Notre époque a poursuivi une certaine socialisation de biens. […] Il s’agit, si l’on peut employer cette expression, de socialiser le droit international, comme on a socialisé le droit privé, et de prendre à l’égard des richesses naturelles des mesures de “mondialisation”. » [1]. Those two approaches might already bear certain differences as none emphasises an organisation based on local structure that implies direct participation to civil society organisations, while the other focuses more on management and global organisation.
The ever ambitious process of the Mundaneum archive takes place in the context of the general internationalization of society, already becoming crucial at the end of the 19th century, while at the same time the social gap increases due to the booming industrial society. This issue was addressed in Brussels by the brand new discipline of sociology [2] that tried to formulate something that would be a legal engineer to address social inequalities.
The communication systems associated with the Mundaneum were conceived in between the two World Wars. Some of them such as the Mondothèque were imagined as prospective possibilities, but others were already implemented at the time and formed the basis of an international communication network, consisting of postal services and telegraph networks.Otlet and Lafontaine's project took place in an era of international agreements over communication networks. It appears that associative structures (which ones?), acted as networks of information-sharing organizing modalities of exchange to the general benefit of civil society. It was also the epoch of international agreements between countries, structuring international life from diplomacy to normalisation; some of these structures still form the basis of our actual globalized organization, but they are all challenged by private capitalist structures. How is the development of the Mundaneum project related to the development of the actual knowledge economy?
DATE | EVENT | TYPE | SCALE |
---|---|---|---|
1934 | The Mundaneum is closed after a governmental decision. A part of the archives are moved Rue Fétis 44, Brussels to the house of Paul Otlet | MOVE | HOUSE |
1992 | Creation of the Internet Society, an American association with international vocation. | STANDARD | WORLD |
1960's | Les Amis du Palais Mondial organize different events to celebrate the memory of Paul Otlet. | EVENT | HOUSE |
1914 | The Palais Mondial sets up at Parc du Cinquantenaire 11. The opening is delayed due to the upcoming WORLD War I. | MOVE | CITY |
1916 | Paul Otlet coins the term "Mondialisation" in Les Problèmes internationaux et la Guerre, les conditions et les facteurs de la vie internationale, Genève/Paris, Kundig/Rousseau, p. 76 | PUBLICATION | CITY |
1920 | Foundation of the League of Nations at the Paris peace conference. | EVENT | WORLD |
1920 | Opening of the Palais Mondial in Parc du Cinquantenaire. | EVENT | CITY |
1924 | Foire du caoutchouc (Rubber fair) in the Palais Mondial. Some collections will be moved to make space for the event. | MOVE | CITY |
1941 | Some files from the Mundaneum collections concerning international associations, are transferred to Germany. They are assumed to have propaganda value. | MOVE | WORLD |
1934 | Publication of Otlet's book Traité de documentation. | PUBLICATION | WORLD |
1891 | Henri Lafontaine publishes an essay Pour une bibliographie de la paix. | PUBLICATION | NATION |
1895 2-4 September | First Conférence de Bibliographie at which it is decided to create l'Institut International de Bibliographie (IIB). | ASSOCIATION | CITY |
1893 | Otlet and Lafontaine start together l'Office International de Bibliologie Sociologique (OIBS). | ASSOCIATION | CITY |
1910 May | Official Creation of the International union of associations (IUA). In 1914, it federates 230 organizations, a little more than half the existing ones. The IUA promotes internationalist aspirations and desire for peace that will lead in 1920 to the creation of the Société des Nations. | ASSOCIATION | WORLD |
1907 June | Otlet and Lafontaine organize a Central Office for International Associations that will become the International Union of Associations (IUA) at the first Congrès mondial des associations internationales in Brussels in May 1910. | ASSOCIATION | CITY |
1903 | Creation of the international Women's suffrage alliance (IWSA) that will later become the International Alliance of Women. | ASSOCIATION | WORLD |
1910 25-27 August | Le Congrès International de Bibliographie et de Documentation deals both with issues of international cooperation between non-governmental organizations and the structure of universal documentation. | ASSOCIATION | WORLD |
1911 | More than 600 people and institutions are listed as IIB members or refer to their methods, specifically the UDC. | ASSOCIATION | WORLD |
1914 | Germany declares war to France and invades Belgium. | EVENT | WORLD |
1919 June 28 | The Traité de Versailles marks the end of World War I. | EVENT | WORLD |
1924 | Creation (within the IIB), of the Central Classification Commission focusing on the development of the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC). | ASSOCIATION | NATION |
1931 | The IIB becomes the International Institute of documentation (IID) and in 1938 is named International Fédération of documentation (IDF). | ASSOCIATION | WORLD |
1939 September | Invasion of Poland by Germany, start of World War II. | EVENT | WORLD |
1908 July | Congrès bibliographique international in Brussels. | EVENT | CITY |
1900 | Congrès bibliographique international in Paris. | EVENT | WORLD |
1913 | Henri Lafontaine is awarded the Nobel Price for Peace. | EVENT | WORLD |
1916 | Lafontaine publishes The great solution: magnissima charta while in exile in the United States. | PUBLICATION | WORLD |
1882 | Triple Alliance, renewed in 1902. | EVENT | WORLD |
1904 | Entente cordiale between France and England over the colonies (what was agreed upon?). | EVENT | WORLD |
1890's | First colonial wars (Fachoda, Boers ...). | EVENT | WORLD |
1889 | Henri Lafontaine creates La Société Belge de l'arbitrage et de la paix. | EVENT | NATION |
1944 | Death of Paul Otlet. He is buried in Etterbeek cemetery. | EVENT | CITY |
1993 | Elio Di Rupo organises the transport of the Mundaneum archives from Brussels to 76 rue de Nimy in Mons. | MOVE | NATION |
1890 | Henri Lafontaine meets Paul Otlet. | PERSON | CITY |
1894 | Henri Lafontaine is elected senator of the province of Hainaut, and later senator of the province of Liège-Brabant. | EVENT | NATION |
1907 | Henri Lafontaine is elected president of the Bureau international de la paix that he previously initiated. | PERSON | NATION |
1891 | Franco-Russian entente, preliminary to the Triple entente that will be signed in 1907. | EVENT | WORLD |
1870 | Franco-Prussian war. | EVENT | WORLD |
1905 | First Moroccan crisis. | EVENT | WORLD |
1874 | ONU creates the General Postal Union [3] and aims to federate international postal distribution. | STANDARD | WORLD |
1875 | General Conference on Weights and Measures in Sèvres, France. | STANDARD | WORLD |
1865 | The International Union of telegraph, the future International Telecomunication Union (UTI) sets up. | STANDARD | WORLD |
1947 | The International Telecomunication Union (UTI) is attached to the UN. | STANDARD | GLOBE |
1963 | American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) developed. | STANDARD | GLOBE |
1966 | The ARPANET project is initiated. | ASSOCIATION | NATION |
1974 | Telenet, the first public version of the Internet founded. | STANDARD | WORLD |
2012 | Failure of the World Conference on International Telecommunications (WCIT) to reach an international agreement on Internet regulation. | STANDARD | GLOBE |
Additional timelines
- https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/la-premiere-guerre-mondiale
- http://www.telephonetribute.com/timeline.html
- https://www.reseau-canope.fr/savoirscdi/societe-de-linformation/le-monde-du-livre-et-de-la-presse/histoire-du-livre-et-de-la-documentation/biographies/paul-otlet.html
- http://monoskop.org/Otlet
- http://archives.mundaneum.org/fr/historique
- ↑ Paul Otlet, 1916, Les Problèmes internationaux et la Guerre, les conditions et les facteurs de la vie internationale, Genève/Paris, Kundig/Rousseau, p. 76.
- ↑ http://www.philodroit.be/IMG/pdf/bf_-_le_droit_global_selon_ecole_de_bruxelles_-2014-3.pdf?lang=fr
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union
What links here
Author | Natacha Roussel + |
Date "Date" is a type and predefined property provided by Semantic MediaWiki to represent date values. | 1934 +, 1992 +, 1960 +, 1914 +, 1916 +, 1920 +, 1924 +, 1941 +, 1891 +, 1895 +, 1893 +, 1910 +, 1907 +, 1903 +, 1911 +, 1919 +, 1931 +, 1938 +, 1939 +, 1908 +, 1900 +, 1913 +, 1882 +, 1902 +, 1904 +, 1890 +, 1889 +, 1944 +, 1993 +, 1894 +, 1870 +, 1905 +, 1874 +, 1875 +, 1865 +, 1947 +, 1963 +, 1966 +, 1974 + and 2012 + |